Forestry (PG)

Definition of value chains (value creation, innovation, product development, and marketing);  the economic costs along the value chain; the most added value to the value chain; the most import actors within the value chain; the institutional framework of the value chain; the bottlenecks in the value chain; market potential for growth; the size of the sector/chain; the potential for upgrading? What possible synergies exist?. Supply chains (cost and efficiencies in supply); description of their structure; reviewing existing literature on value/supply chains, including current theories and applications (trust and cooperation, governance, market power, innovation and knowledge, intervention points); Agroforestry Products and Services; Value Addition to AF products (Product improvement, processing, marketing, branding, certification); Marketing AF Products, Market Chain and Development Support Services,  The Value Chain Analysis (to Source, Make, Deliver and Governance). Using and analyzing value chains: (Reading and project assignment to students) Innovative Approaches to Assessing the Competitiveness of Value Chains; The Geomar Approach to Value Chain Analysis & Selection; Defining Broad Portfolio of Agricultural Sectors; Analyzing Market Demand and Market Entry Conditions; Analyzing the Competitiveness of Potential Offerings; Defining Priority Sectors;  Competitiveness Planning: Putting the Analysis into Action; individual tools used in value chain analysis; Conducting Benchmarking and Gap Assessments of Value Chains (Establish a Baseline of Current Performance, Identify Areas and Targets for Improvement, Pinpoint Potential Critical Factors for Success); Economic evaluation of agroforestry projects: Unique characteristics of agroforestry (Long planning horizons; Irregular cost and revenue occurrences; Fixed tree component with variable crop or livestock component); Agroforestry Budgeting (Steps for Developing an Enterprise Budget); From Enterprise Budgets to Cashflow Plans; Common Indicators of Agroforestry projects Economic Performance (Net Present Value (NPV); Internal Rate of Return (IRR);  Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C); Payback period).

Objectives

1.     Introduce the basic concepts of product value creation, development and marketing along with the chain actors

Course contents

 Unit 1 Introduction

Adefires Worku et al. (2014). Diversity, regeneration status, and population structures of gum and resin producing woody species in Borana, Southern Ethiopia: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254236835_Diversity_regeneration_status_and_population_structures_of_gum_and_resin_producing_woody_species_in_Borana_Southern_Ethiopia

Agustino, S., Mataya, B., Senelwa, K., and Achigan-Dako, G.E. 2011. Non-wood forest products and services for socio-economic development. A Compendium for Technical and Professional Forestry Education. The African Forest Forum, Nairobi, Kenya. 219 pp.

Coppen, J.J.W. (1995). Gums, resins, and latexes of plant origin. Non-wood forest products, FAO, Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/v9236e/v9236e.pdf

Dawson, IK et al., 2013. Agroforestry, food and nutritional security. Background paper for the International Conference on Forests for Food Security and Nutrition, FAO, Rome, 13-15 May, 2013.

De Leeuw J, Njenga M,Wagner B, Iiyama M. (Eds.) 2014.Treesilience: An assessment of the resilience provided by trees in the drylands of Eastern Africa. Nairobi, Kenya. ICRAF 166 pp.

Didier Muller and Chidume Okoro (2004). Production and marketing of gum arabic: IBPGR (International Board for Plant Genetic Resources). 1984. Forage and browse plants for arid and semi-arid Africa. Rome: IBPGR.

Mekoya, A., Oosting, S.J., Fernandez-Rivera, S., Van der Zijpp, A.J.2007. Multipurpose fodder trees in the Ethiopian highlands: Farmers' preference and relationship of indigenous knowledge of feed value with laboratory indicators. Agricultural Systems;96(1-3): 184-194

Peters (1996). The ecology and management of non-timber forest resources: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/0-8213-3619-3

Teshale Woldeamanuel (2012). Dryland resources, livelihoods and institutions: Diversity and dynamics in use and management of gum and resin trees in Ethiopia: http://edepot.wur.nl/188209